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Description
Rat Cd81 ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre chilled PBS (0. 01M, pH 7. 4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and
Product Specification
| Usage | Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37°C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and mince the tissue. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1g of tissue sample to 9mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly frozen and thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000×g for 5-10 minutes, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Cell Lysis Buffer: Adherent cells should be gently washed with pre-chilled PBS, then trypsinized and harvested by centrifugation at 1000×g for 5 minutes. Suspension cells can be harvested directly by centrifugation. Collected cells should be washed three times with pre-chilled PBS and resuspended in 150-200 μL of PBS per 1×10^6 cells (it is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS; if the cell count is very low, reduce the PBS volume appropriately). Disrupt the cells by repeated freezing and thawing or sonication. Centrifuge the extract at 1500×g for 10 minutes at 2-8°C, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Other biological fluids: Centrifuge at 1000xg for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant, and test. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let it stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration is 10 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, 0.15625 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take seven EP tubes and add 500uL of universal diluent to each. Pipette 500uL of the 10ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 5ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves as a blank well; there is no need to pipette liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of biotinylated detection antibody working solution: Centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute 15 minutes before use. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10uL concentrate + 990uL universal diluent). Prepare and use immediately. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with CD81 antigen (Cd81) capture antibody. After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB converts to blue under the catalysis of HRP and to yellow under the action of acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the amount of CD81 antigen (Cd81) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Rat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Rat CD81 antigen ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | The CD81 antigen (Cd81) is a protein encoded by the CD81 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraubiquitin family. These members are mostly cell surface proteins characterized by four hydrophobic domains. These proteins mediate signal transduction events and play a role in regulating cell development, activation, growth, and motility. The encoded protein is a cell surface glycoprotein known to complex with integrins. This protein appears to promote muscle cell fusion and support the maintenance of myotubes. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.156-10 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Tissue homogenates, cell lysates, and other biological fluids |
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4.6 ★★★★★
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Great for Small Messes, but Not a Full Carpet Cleaner Replacement
Color: Tea Green, Style: Little Green Mini
I’ve been using this for spot cleaning, and overall it’s one of those tools that’s really handy to have around.
The biggest strength is how well it handles small messes. It sprays, scrubs, and sucks up stains pretty effectively—especially on things like car seats, couches, or small carpet spots. The suction is surprisingly strong for such a small unit, which is why these are so popular for quick cleanups and pet messes. ()
It’s also compact and easy to carry, so you’re not dragging out a full carpet cleaner every time something spills. That’s honestly where it shines the most.
On the downside, it’s not perfect. The tank is pretty small, so you’ll be refilling and emptying it if you’re doing anything more than a few spots. () The hose and cord length are decent but can feel a little limiting depending on where you’re cleaning.
Another thing is that while it cleans well, it can leave things a bit damp afterward, so drying time is something to keep in mind. And like most machines in this category, it can get a little loud.
Overall, it’s a really solid little machine for what it’s meant to do—quick, targeted cleaning. Just don’t expect it to replace a full-size carpet cleaner for deep cleaning large areas.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 5, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Super efficient
Color: Tea Green, Style: Little Green Mini
Easy to use. Light weight. Great on upholstery and carpet spots. Tank is not large enough to do area rugs or carpet, but great for smaller cleanups.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 29, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Best machine I have found thus far
Color: Tea Green, Style: Little Green Mini
Have always had pets, cats and dogs. Tried many different cleaning machines. This one is by far the best. Compact, easy to clean, and thoughtfully designed. For example, the waste reservoir is easy to flush out, eliminating bad smells. The hose is easy to rinse out using gravity or by turning on the suction briefly. And the hand held part has a removable guard that allows easy cleaning. Also, the power cord is a good balance between too much and too little length. Whoever designed this obviously gave it some thought when it comes to maintenance and avoiding tricky cleaning. This machine never stinks if cleaned after each use. One last thing, the soap and water tank is large enough to get lots of jobs done, especially if you have a sneaky chihuahua who urinates as he pleases.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 7, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Amazing cleaning and suction power
Color: Tea Green, Style: Little Green Mini
I absolutely love this little green miracle machine. We have had old stains our carpet that other solutions and carpet cleaners could not handle. This was the only machine capable of sucking up all the material and leaving a clean carpet.
The suction is strong, the spray is good, and the brush attachment really brings up dirt and strapped stains. The only thing I wish it has was more volume for the liquid cleaner and waste, but it’s worth it doing quick refills and empties for such great cleaning results.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 8, 2026
★★★★★ 5
A product that will make a difference!
Color: White, Size: King (Pack of 2)
These king-size pillows are incredibly comfortable and supportive. They are soft enough to feel luxurious, yet they provide great support for my head and neck throughout the night. The king size is perfect for a larger bed and gives the bed a full, hotel-like appearance. The pillows keep their shape well and fluff up nicely after use. I've been sleeping much better since getting them and would definitely recommend them to anyone looking for quality, comfortable pillows.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 3, 2026