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Description
Human CR2 ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipette and gun tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37 constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4 overnight, then centrifuge at 1000g for 20
Product Specification
| Usage |
Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipette and gun tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37℃ constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4℃ overnight, then centrifuge at 1000×g for 20 minutes, and take the supernatant, or store the supernatant at -20℃ or -80℃, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Plasma: Collect the specimen using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge the specimen at 1000 × g for 15 minutes at 2-8°C within 30 minutes of collection. The supernatant can be assayed or stored at -20°C or -80°C, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh the tissue and mince it. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1 g of tissue sample to 9 mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly frozen and thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000 × g for 5-10 minutes, and the supernatant can be assayed. Other biological fluids: Centrifuge at 1000xg for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant, and test. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let it stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration is 20 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 20 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take 7 EP tubes and add 500 μL of universal diluent to each tube. Pipette 500 μL of the 20 ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 10 ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves directly as a blank well; there is no need to aspirate the liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration using universal diluent (e.g., 10µL concentrate + 990µL universal diluent). Prepare immediately before use. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with a capture antibody against Complement Receptor 2 (CR2). After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB is converted to blue by HRP peroxidase and to yellow by acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the amount of Complement Receptor 2 (CR2) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Human | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Human Complement Receptor 2 ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Complement receptor type 2 (CR2), also known as complement C3d receptor, Epstein-Barr virus receptor, and CD21 (cluster of differentiation 21), is a protein encoded by the CR2 gene. CR2 participates in the complement system. It binds to iC3b (an inactive derivative of C3b), C3dg, or C3d. B cells express the CR2 receptor on their surface, enabling the complement system to function in B cell activation and maturation. CR2 interacts with CD19 and, on mature B cells, forms a complex with CD81 (TAPA-1). The CR2-CD19-CD81 complex is often referred to as the B cell co-receptor complex because when the B cell receptor binds to an antigen, CR2 binds to the absorbed antigen through the attached C3d (or iC3b or C3dg). This results in a greatly enhanced B cell response to the antigen. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.31-20 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids |
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4.5 ★★★★★
Based on 29 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Beautiful book with history, destination information, and photos
Format: Hardcover
I knew very little about the Camino de Santiago prior to obtaining this book. However, the book is stunning in its information about destinations, history, towns you'll pass through along the way, and beautiful photos that create desire to hike or bike the trail in the immediate future. I found myself engulfed in this book and wanting to do several of the trails as soon as possible! The book, unlike other DK books I own, is hard cover. It's solid and durable and could easily be a coffee table book rather than a hiking guide. In fact, I think it may be meant in this way to be used rather than a take-along for a long hiking trip. If you're thinking about exploring the Camino de Santiago, this is a must read!
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Reviewed in the United States on January 14, 2026
★★★★★ 4
A very good book if you will travel the Camino de Santiago as a pilgrim
Format: Hardcover
This book captures the flavor of each of eight Caminos to reach Santiago de Compostela (there are more than that, but not given more than a mention - these are the main ones). The Caminos take you from where they enter Spain from France and Portugal all the way to Santiago de Compostela; the exception is the one from Lisbon. You can almost "feel" the experience of each walk. The book will help you select a Camino, based on from where you are coming, what you'd like to see (scenery, towns, villagers, etc.), and how much stamina you have.
The book starts off with a wonderful history of the the Caminos from when they were developed through modern times, and how they changed over time, not just in terms of physical changes, but in terms of the types of people who traversed them (pilgrims to hippies) and how they evolved with various religions and politics of the times.
There is a very nice synopses of the eight Caminos, highlighting the differences between them. This provides an overview of why you may or may not consider taking that Camino.
The book then goes into detail about each one, elaborating on what I wrote in the first paragraph above. This is where one gets an excellent "feel" for the Camino, enabling you to determine if it is for you or not. It also gives you basics on things to see and do along the way, including places that would be great and welcoming for pilgrims. Don't expect too much detail here, but certainly enough to give you the flavor of the Camino. All sections, but especially this one, have excellent photos to complement the text.
The culminating chapter, of course, is the one on Santiago de Compostela. This one was a bit disappointing, as it provided only a bit over one page of text on the sites there. I would have thought there would be more, especially about the Cathedral itself, as that is the destination the travelers had spent days to reach. Instead, it basically just listed a bit more than bullets of what to see in the Cathedral. One third of the text in this Chapter was about the museums. There was practically nothing about the squares around each side of the Cathedral and all the places along them. For this city, I would suggest a different tour book if you want to see more.
I have the hard cover book, which was very nice for me to read at home. However, if I were to go on one of the Caminos, I would take no more than a Kindle, which is nowhere near as unwieldy as a large, heavy book. If I didn't like Kindles, I would want to bring a paperback, but sadly, the book is not available in paperback.
Overall, I believe that the way the author enables one to experience the Caminos is well worth the cost of the book.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 6, 2026
★★★★★ 5
great guide to hiking (or biking) the Camino de Santiago trails
Format: Hardcover
Spain is one of my favorite European destinations, and while I have not done the Camino de Santiago yet, it is an area that is definitely on my radar for an upcoming trip. This book focuses on the trails and the regions they pass through, and gives quite a bit of detail and background to successfully plan a trip there.
Now, I am not religious, and I am purely interested in the historical and cultural aspects of the region, not looking to have a spiritual experience. Fortunately the book is written in such a way that it is respectful to those who *are* looking for the latter, but it doesn't focus on it as much as I feared that it might. So it'll be useful to me in planning my travels.
The one issue that I have about this book, which I *almost* took a star off of my rating for, is that the book is a little *too* sturdy. My big complaint with the regular DK travel guides in recent years is that they've gone to cheaper paper, cheaper covers, and cheaper binding than they used to use, to the point that they feel almost fragile to me. This book, ironically made as a guide for hiking and biking trips, has the opposite problem... It's hardcover, and it's kind of bulky. I mean, that's great, normally I'd be in favor of that... But if I'm going to be hiking for days or weeks (some of the trails in this book take over three weeks to complete according to the book), the last thing I'm going to want to do is carry this thing around. It's a little baffling that they'd choose this of all books to make hardcover.
Honestly, though, I am probably not hiking (at least not for a multi-week trail... maybe for a few days in there, for the rest I'll take a train or rent a car), which is why I decided not to remove a star. But if you will be hiking, it may be something you'll want to consider.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 9, 2025
★★★★★ 5
Very beautiful book
Format: Hardcover
It’s not only a tour guide but rather a detail record of the Camino de Santiago history book and the pictures inside this book look so beautiful you may only find in specialized photo albums.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 14, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Wonderful resource
Format: Hardcover
This spectacular pilgrim guide title Walking the Camino de Santiago, is an excellent production that provides helpful guidance on anything a pilgrim would need to know prior to making this well-known pilgrimage via some not-so-well-known routes and tips. This book stands out in excellence with its simplicity and yet thoroughness in providing chapters on the possible eight pilgrimage routes with history on each one. It provides tips and practical information on things to check out as part of the geographical and cultural landmarks, food, accommodations, etc. The illustrations and photographs in this book make it a stunning work of art and resource.
Anyone considering doing this pilgrimage/ retreat would benefit from this book. If nothing else, this book can be gifted to someone considering doing the Camino, and it would make an excellent coffee table conversation starter.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 27, 2025